详解Vue Elememt-UI构建管理后台

安装

我使用的是 vue-cli 初始化项目，命令如下：

npm i -g vue-cli
mkdir my-project && cd my-project
vue init webpack

修改 package.json 文件：

...
"dependencies": {
 "vue": "^2.5.2",
 "vue-router": "^3.0.1",
 "element-ui": "^2.0.7", // element-ui
 "axios": "^0.17.1" // http 请求库
}
...

之后执行 npm install 进行安装依赖，如果安装速度有点慢的话，可以试一下 cnpm ，具体安装和用法自行查找。

简单介绍下项目的目录结构：

├─build // 构建配置
├─config // 配置文件
├─src // vue 开发源文件目录
├────assets // css/js 文件
├────components // vue 组件
├────router  // 路由
├────App.vue  // 启动组件
├────main.js // 入口文件
├─static // 静态文件目录
├─test // 测试目录

之后在项目根目录执行 npm run dev ，打开浏览器输入 http://localhost:8080 就可以查看了。

目标

• 登录页面，登录，退出功能
• 首页，调用接口渲染列表

路由

路由使用的是 vue-router，具体用法可参考 官方文档

我们这里需要两个路由：

src/router/index.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import Router from 'vue-router'
import Index from '@/components/Index'
import Login from '@/components/Login'

Vue.use(Router)

const routers = new Router({
 routes: [
  {
   path: '/index',
   name: 'index',
   component: Index
  },
  {
   path: '/login',
   name: 'login',
   component: Login
  }
 ]
})

routers.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
 if (to.name !== 'login' && !localStorage.getItem('token')) {
  next({path: 'login'})
 } else {
  next()
 }
})

export default routers

登录页面

src/components/Login.vue

<template>
 <div class="login">
  <el-form name="aa" :inline="true" label-position="right" label-width="80px">
    <el-form-item label="用户名">
     <el-input v-model="user.name"></el-input>
    </el-form-item>
    <el-form-item label="密码">
     <el-input type="password" v-model="user.password"></el-input>
    </el-form-item>
    <el-form-item label=" ">
     <el-button type="primary" @click="login()">登录</el-button>
    </el-form-item>
  </el-form>
 </div>
</template>

<script>
import $http from '@/api/'
import config from '@/config'

export default {
 data () {
  return {
   user: {
    name: '',
    password: ''
   }
  }
 },
 mounted: function () {
  var token = localStorage.getItem('token')
  if (token) {
   this.$router.push('/index')
  }
 },
 methods: {
  login: function () {
   var data = {
    grant_type: 'password',
    client_id: config.oauth_client_id,
    client_secret: config.oauth_secret,
    username: this.user.name,
    password: this.user.password
   }
   var _this = this
   $http.login(data).then(function (res) {
    if (res.status === 200) {
     $http.setToken(res.data.access_token)
     _this.$message({
      showClose: false,
      message: '登录成功',
      type: 'success'
     })
     _this.$router.push('/index')
    } else {
     _this.$message({
      showClose: false,
      message: '登录失败',
      type: 'error'
     })
    }
   })
  }
 }
}
</script>

<style>
.login{
  width: 300px;
  margin: 100px auto;
  background-color: #ffffff;
  padding: 30px 30px 5px;
  border-radius: 5px;
}
</style>

首页

src/components/Index.vue

<template>
 <div class="main">
  <el-table
   stripe
   v-loading="loading"
   element-loading-background="#dddddd"
   :data="tableData"
   style="width: 100%">
   <el-table-column
    prop="id"
    label="ID">
   </el-table-column>
   <el-table-column
    prop="name"
    label="名称">
   </el-table-column>
  </el-table>
  <el-pagination
   background
   layout="prev, pager, next"
   :total="total"
   class="page"
   @current-change="pageList">
  </el-pagination>
 </div>
</template>

<script>
import $http from '@/api/'

export default {
 data () {
  return {
   tableData: [],
   total: 0,
   loading: false
  }
 },
 mounted: function () {
  this.getList()
 },
 methods: {
  pageList: function (page) {
   this.search.page = page
   this.getList()
  },
  getList: function () {
   var _this = this
   _this.loading = true
   $http.index().then(function (res) {
    if (res.status === 200) {
     _this.tableData = res.data.data.lists
     _this.total = res.data.data.total
    }
    _this.loading = false
   })
  }
 }
}
</script>

App

src/App.vue

<template>
 <div id="app">
  <el-row v-if="token">
   <menus class="left-menu">
    <h3 class="logo"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" href="/" rel="external nofollow" >Admin</a></h3>
   </menus>
   <el-col :span="21" :gutter="0" :offset="3">
    <el-breadcrumb separator-class="el-icon-arrow-right" class="breadcrumb">
     <el-breadcrumb-item :to="{ path: '/' }">首页</el-breadcrumb-item>
     <el-breadcrumb-item class="active">列表</el-breadcrumb-item>
    </el-breadcrumb>
    <el-dropdown @command="operate" class="header">
     <img src="/static/image/head.jpg" />
     <el-dropdown-menu slot="dropdown" :click="true">
      <el-dropdown-item command="/user/profile">基本资料</el-dropdown-item>
      <el-dropdown-item command="/logout">安全退出</el-dropdown-item>
     </el-dropdown-menu>
    </el-dropdown>
    <router-view/>
   </el-col>
   <el-col :span="21" :gutter="0" :offset="3" class="footer">Copyright © 2017 Flyerboy All Rights Reserved</el-col> 
  </el-row>

  <router-view v-if="!token" />
 </div>
</template>

<script>
import Menus from '@/components/Menu'
export default {
 name: 'App',
 data () {
  return {
   token: false
  }
 },
 mounted: function () {
  this.token = localStorage.getItem('token') ? true : false
 },
 watch: {
  '$route.path': function ($newVal, $oldVal) {
   this.token = localStorage.getItem('token') ? true : false
  }
 },
 methods: {
   operate: function (command) {
   if (command === '/logout') {
    localStorage.removeItem('token')
    this.$router.push('login')
   } else {
    this.$router.push(command)
   }
  }
 },
 components: {
  Menus
 }
}
</script>

<style>
body{
 margin: 0;
 padding: 0;
 background-color: #eeeeee;
}
.header{
 position: absolute;
 top: 5px;
 right: 20px;
}
.header img{
 width: 38px;
 height: 38px;
 border-radius: 20px;
 border: 1px solid #aaaaaa;
}
#app {
 font-family: 'Avenir', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;
 -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
 -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}
.main{
 padding: 20px;
 min-height: 600px;
 margin-bottom: 20px;
}
.main table{
 background: #ffffff;
}
.left-menu{
 background-color: #33374B;
}
.logo{
 padding: 20px 0 15px 20px;
 font-size: 24px;
 border-bottom: 2px solid #3a8ee6;
}
.logo a{
 color: #ffffff;
 text-decoration: none;
}

.left-menu .el-menu{
 border-right: 0;
}
.breadcrumb{
 line-height: 40px;
 padding: 5px 20px;
 background: #ffffff;
}
.breadcrumb span{
 color: #069;
 font-weight: normal;
}
.breadcrumb .active{
 color: #aaaaaa;
}
.page{
 margin: 20px 0 0;
 margin-left: -10px;
}
.page .el-pager li.number{
 background-color: #ffffff;
}
.el-submenu .el-menu-item{
 padding-left: 60px !important;
}
.footer{
 position: fixed;
 bottom: 0;
 right: 0;
 font-size: 12px;
 color: #888888;
 padding: 15px 20px;
 text-align: center;
 background-color: #ffffff;
 margin-top: 40px;
}
</style>

调用 API

src/api/index.js

import axios from 'axios'
axios.defaults.baseURL = 'http://localhost:8000/'
axios.defaults.headers.post['Content-Type'] = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'
axios.defaults.headers.common['Authorization'] = 'Bearer ' + localStorage.getItem('token')


export default {
 setToken: function (token) {
  localStorage.setItem('token', token)
  axios.defaults.headers.common['Authorization'] = 'Bearer ' + token
 },
 login: function (param) {
  return axios.post('oauth/token', param)
 },
 index: function (params) {
  return axios.get('api/user/list', {
   params: params
  })
 }
}

config

src/config.js 这里配置登录 oauth 需要的 client_id 和 secret

export default {
 oauth_client_id: 2,
 oauth_secret: ''
}

main.js

src/main.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App'
import router from './router'
import ElementUI from 'element-ui'
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css'

Vue.use(ElementUI)

Vue.config.productionTip = false

new Vue({
 el: '#app',
 router,
 components: { App },
 template: '<App/>'
})

api 接口

主要用到两个接口，一个是 api/oauth/token 登录获取 token 接口，一个获取列表 api/user/list。

第一个接口是用到 laravel oauth，第二个接口直接是一个简单的查询用户列表接口，详细讲会在下一篇文章中讲述。

以上就是本次整理的关于Vue Elememt-UI构建管理后台的全部内容，感谢大家对的支持。