在网站中要做一个清理缓存的功能(也就是在缓存为到期之前就强制缓存过期),程序中有的地方使用的HttpRuntime.Cache来做的缓存,而和数据库交互部分则使用ObjectDataSource提供的缓存机制。清理HttpRuntime.Cache的缓存很简单,只要
List<string> keys = new List<string>(); // retrieve application Cache enumerator IDictionaryEnumerator enumerator = HttpRuntime.Cache.GetEnumerator(); // copy all keys that currently exist in Cache while (enumerator.MoveNext()) { keys.Add(enumerator.Key.ToString()); } // delete every key from cache for (int i = 0; i < keys.Count; i++) { HttpRuntime.Cache.Remove(keys[i]); }
就可以了。
本以为ObjectDataSource等数据源的缓存也是保存在HttpRuntime.Cache中,经过测试没想到竟然不是,因为执行上面的代码以后ObjectDataSource仍然是从缓存读取数据。
使用Reflector反编译发现ObjectDataSource是使用HttpRuntime.CacheInternal来实现的缓存。CacheInternal是internal的,因此没法直接写代码调用,同时CacheInternal中也没提供清空缓存的方法,只能通过实验发现_caches._entries是保存缓存的Hashtable,因此就用反射的方法调用CacheInternal,然后拿到_caches._entries,最后clear才算ok。
最终代码如下:
//HttpRuntime下的CacheInternal属性(Internal的,内存中是CacheMulti类型)是 ObjectDataSource等DataSource保存缓存的管理器 //因为CacheInternal、_caches、_entries等都是internal或者private的, 所以只能通过反射调用,而且可能会随着.Net升级而失效 object cacheIntern = CommonHelper.GetPropertyValue(typeof(HttpRuntime), "CacheInternal") as IEnumerable; //_caches是CacheMulti中保存多CacheSingle的一个IEnumerable字段。 IEnumerable _caches = CommonHelper.GetFieldValue(cacheIntern, "_caches") as IEnumerable; foreach (object cacheSingle in _caches) { ClearCacheInternal(cacheSingle); } private static void ClearCacheInternal(object cacheSingle) { //_entries是cacheSingle中保存缓存数据的一个private Hashtable Hashtable _entries = CommonHelper.GetFieldValue(cacheSingle, "_entries") as Hashtable; _entries.Clear(); } mary> /// 得到type类型的静态属性propertyName的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="type"></param> /// <param name="propertyName"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static object GetPropertyValue(Type type, string propertyName) { foreach (PropertyInfo rInfo in type.GetProperties (BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance)) { if (rInfo.Name == propertyName) { return rInfo.GetValue(null, new object[0]); } } throw new Exception("无法找到属性:" + propertyName); } /// <summary> /// 得到object对象的propertyName属性的值 /// </summary> /// <param name="obj"></param> /// <param name="propertyName"></param> /// <returns></returns> public static object GetPropertyValue(object obj, string propertyName) { Type type = obj.GetType(); foreach (PropertyInfo rInfo in type.GetProperties (BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance)) { if (rInfo.Name == propertyName) { return rInfo.GetValue(obj, new object[0]); } } throw new Exception("无法找到属性:" + propertyName); } public static object GetFieldValue(object obj, string fieldName) { Type type = obj.GetType(); foreach (FieldInfo rInfo in type.GetFields (BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance)) { if (rInfo.Name == fieldName) { return rInfo.GetValue(obj); } } throw new Exception("无法找到字段:" + fieldName); }
上面方法由于是通过crack的方法进行调用,可能有潜在的问题,因此仅供参考。
在google上搜索到另外一篇文章,主干是代码,代码的思路和我一样,贴过来也供参考。
private void clearOutputCache() { Type ct = this.Cache.GetType(); FieldInfo cif = ct.GetField( "_cacheInternal", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance ); Type cmt = Cache.GetType().Assembly.GetType( "System.Web.Caching.CacheMultiple" ); Type cachekeyType = Cache.GetType().Assembly.GetType( "System.Web.Caching.CacheKey" ); FieldInfo cachesfield = cmt.GetField( "_caches", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance ); object cacheInternal = cif.GetValue( this.Cache ); object caches = cachesfield.GetValue( cacheInternal ); Type arrayType = typeof( Array ); MethodInfo arrayGetter = arrayType.GetMethod( "GetValue", new Type[] { typeof( int ) } ); object cacheSingle = arrayGetter.Invoke( caches, new object[] { 1 } ); FieldInfo entriesField = cacheSingle.GetType().GetField( "_entries", BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic ); Hashtable entries = (Hashtable) entriesField.GetValue( cacheSingle ); List<object> keys = new List<object>(); foreach( object o in entries.Keys ) { keys.Add( o ); } MethodInfo remove = cacheInternal.GetType().GetMethod( "Remove", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance, null, new Type[] { cachekeyType, typeof( CacheItemRemovedReason ) }, null ); foreach( object key in keys ) { remove.Invoke( cacheInternal, new object[] { key, CacheItemRemovedReason.Removed } ); } }
以上就是对ASP.NET清空缓存时遇到问题详细分析,为了让大家更好地解决此类问题,希望本文对大家的学习有所帮助。