NLog 记录日志是微软官方推荐使用。
接下来,通过配置日志记录到文件和Sql Server数据库。
第一步:首先添加包NLog.Config (可通过微软添加包命令Install-Package 包名进行添加,也可以通过管理NuGet程序包进行添加),添加成功后会生成NLog.config配置文件。并对该配置文件进行配置。详细配置可参考Git上 NLog说明。
一下是我个人配置。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?> <nlog xmlns="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.nlog-project.org/schemas/NLog.xsd NLog.xsd" autoReload="true" throwExceptions="false" internalLogLevel="Warn" internalLogFile="Logs/nlog-internal.log"> <!--internalLogLevel="Off"--> <!-- optional, add some variables https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Configuration-file#variables --> <variable name="myvar" value="myvalue"/> <!-- See https://github.com/nlog/nlog/wiki/Configuration-file for information on customizing logging rules and outputs. --> <targets> <!-- add your targets here See https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Targets for possible targets. See https://github.com/nlog/NLog/wiki/Layout-Renderers for the possible layout renderers. --> <!-- Write events to a file with the date in the filename. <target xsi:type="File" name="f" fileName="${basedir}/logs/${shortdate}.log" layout="${longdate} ${uppercase:${level}} ${message}" /> --> <!-- write logs to file --> <target xsi:type="File" name="allfile" fileName="Logs/${date:format=yyyyMM}/nlog-all-${shortdate}.log" layout="${longdate}|${event-properties:item=EventId.Id}|${uppercase:${level}}|${logger} ${newline}${message} ${exception} ${newline}" /> <target xsi:type="File" name="ownFile-web" fileName="Logs/${date:format=yyyyMM}/nlog-own-${shortdate}.log" layout="${longdate}|${event-properties:item=EventId.Id}|${uppercase:${level}}|${logger} ${newline}${message} ${exception} ${newline} --- |url: ${aspnet-request-url}|action: ${aspnet-mvc-action}" /> <target xsi:type="Null" name="blackhole" /> <target xsi:type="Database" name="database"> <connectionString>${var:connectionString}</connectionString> <commandText> insert into syslogs (Application,Levels,Operatingtime,Operatingaddress,Userid,Logger,Callsite,Requesturl,Referrerurl,Action,Message,Exception) values (@application,@levels,@operatingtime,@operatingaddress,@userid,@logger,@callSite,@requesturl,@referrerurl,@action,@message,@exception); </commandText> <parameter name="@application" layout="WebApi" /> <parameter name="@levels" layout="${level}" /> <parameter name="@operatingTime" layout="${date}" /> <parameter name="@operatingaddress" layout="${aspnet-Request-IP}" /> <parameter name="@userid" layout="1" /> <parameter name="@logger" layout="${logger}" /> <parameter name="@callSite" layout="${callsite}" /> <parameter name="@requesturl" layout="${aspnet-request-url}" /> <parameter name="@referrerurl" layout="${aspnet-request}" /> <parameter name="@action" layout="${aspnet-mvc-action}" /> <parameter name="@message" layout="${message}" /> <parameter name="@exception" layout="${exception:tostring}" /> </target> </targets> <rules> <!-- add your logging rules here --> <!-- Write all events with minimal level of Debug (So Debug, Info, Warn, Error and Fatal, but not Trace) to "f" <logger name="*" minlevel="Debug" writeTo="f" /> --> <!--All logs, including from Microsoft--> <!--minlevel 改为Trace 跟踪全部 Error 只捕获异常--> <logger name="*" minlevel="Error" writeTo="allfile" /> <!--Skip Microsoft logs and so log only own logs--> <logger name="Microsoft.*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="blackhole" final="true" /> <logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="ownFile-web" /> <logger name="*" minlevel="Trace" writeTo="database" /> </rules> </nlog> <!--增加引用 <PackageReference Include="NLog.Extensions.Logging" Version="1.2.1" /> <PackageReference Include="NLog.Web.AspNetCore" Version="4.6.0" />-->
说明:targets 中有一节点为Database,是配置将日志写入数据库中,注意需要在数据库中添加该记录日志表。
{ "ConnectionStrings": { "DefaultConnection": "Data Source=192.168.30.133;Initial Catalog=Test;User ID=sa;Password=123456;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true;Integrated Security=false;" }, "Logging": { "LogLevel": { "Default": "Warning" } }, "AllowedHosts": "*" }
第二步:添加包NLog.Web.AspNetCore,在Program.cs中的WebHost加入".UseNLog()"(该属于程序集NLog.Web,需要添加引用using NLog.Web;),即为添加nlog.
using Microsoft.AspNetCore; using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting; using NLog.Web; namespace WebApi { public class Program { public static void Main(string[] args) { CreateWebHostBuilder(args).Build().Run(); } public static IWebHostBuilder CreateWebHostBuilder(string[] args) => WebHost.CreateDefaultBuilder(args) .UseStartup<Startup>() .UseNLog(); //加入nlog日志 } }
第三步:在Startup.cs中的Configure方法中添加记日志代码,即需要加载的配置文件和配置日志写入数据库连接字符串代码。注意:为避免中文乱码问题需要添加System.Text.Encoding.CodePages包。
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env) { #region Nlog记日志 //将日志记录到数据库 config/NLog.config NLog.LogManager.LoadConfiguration("nlog.config").GetCurrentClassLogger(); NLog.LogManager.Configuration.Variables["connectionString"] = Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"); Encoding.RegisterProvider(CodePagesEncodingProvider.Instance); //避免日志中的中文输出乱码 #endregion if (env.IsDevelopment()) app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage(); else app.UseHsts(); app.UseHttpsRedirection(); app.UseMvc(); }
第四步:使用微软推荐的方式在在构造方法中将将日志对象注入。
public class UsersController : Controller { /// <summary> /// 日志对象 /// </summary> private readonly ILogger logger; public UsersController(ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) { this.logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<UsersController>(); #region 测试日志 logger.LogTrace("开发阶段调试,可能包含敏感程序数据", 1); logger.LogDebug("开发阶段短期内比较有用,对调试有益。"); logger.LogInformation("你访问了首页。跟踪程序的一般流程。"); logger.LogWarning("警告信息!因程序出现故障或其他不会导致程序停止的流程异常或意外事件。"); logger.LogError("错误信息。因某些故障停止工作"); logger.LogCritical("程序或系统崩溃、遇到灾难性故障!!!"); #endregion }
所有工作完成,运行程序。在配置NLog路径下生成日志文件,同时,在数据库中生成日志。
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