本文实例讲述了Django项目开发中cookies和session的常用操作。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:
COOKIES操作
检查cookies是否存在:
request.COOKIES.has_key('<cookie_name>')
获取cookies:
request.COOKIES.get('visits', '1') if 'last_visit' in request.COOKIES: request.COOKIES['last_visit']
设置cookies:
response.set_cookie('<cookie_name>', value)
SESSION操作
获取session:
fav_color = request.session.get('fav_color', 'red') fav_color = request.session['fav_color']
设置session:
request.session['visits'] = visits
删除session:
del request.session['fav_color']
如果给出的key 在会话中不存在,将抛出 KeyError。
判断包含session:
'fav_color' in request.session
清除session数据库
python manage.py clearsessions
附:Django基于自定义cookies 的登录,注册,退出功能示例:
#注册 def regist(req): if req.method == 'POST': uf = UserForm(req.POST) if uf.is_valid(): #获得表单数据 username = uf.cleaned_data['username'] password = uf.cleaned_data['password'] #添加到数据库 User.objects.create(username= username,password=password) return HttpResponse('regist success!!') else: uf = UserForm() return render_to_response('regist.html',{'uf':uf}, context_instance=RequestContext(req)) #登陆 def login(req): if req.method == 'POST': uf = UserForm(req.POST) if uf.is_valid(): #获取表单用户密码 username = uf.cleaned_data['username'] password = uf.cleaned_data['password'] #获取的表单数据与数据库进行比较 user = User.objects.filter(username__exact = username,password__exact = password) if user: #比较成功,跳转index response = HttpResponseRedirect('/online/index/') #将username写入浏览器cookie,失效时间为3600 response.set_cookie('username',username,3600) return response else: #比较失败,还在login return HttpResponseRedirect('/online/login/') else: uf = UserForm() return render_to_response('login.html',{'uf':uf},context_instance=RequestContext(req)) #登陆成功 def index(req): username = req.COOKIES.get('username','') return render_to_response('index.html' ,{'username':username}) #退出 def logout(req): response = HttpResponse('logout !!') #清理cookie里保存username response.delete_cookie('username') return response
希望本文所述对大家基于Django框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。
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